Strategic managers are consistently faced with the decision of how to allocate scarce corporate
resources in an environment that is placing more and more pressures on them. Recent …

In this study, we hypothesize that institutions invest more heavily in companies with strong
corporate social performance. Analysis indicated a significant, positive relationship between …

… 11 Two studies that take this perspective are Waddock, SA, & Graves, SB 1997. The corporate
social performance-financial performance link. Strategic Management Journal, 18(4): SOS…

The article discusses a study on the relationship between institutional ownership and research
and development (R&D) spending in several companies for the period 1980 to 1983, with …

This article presents an integrative conceptual framework for linking corporate social
performance, stakeholders, and quality of management, then tests this framework empirically. …

This study shows that firms in the pharmaceutical industry experience decreasing returns to
scale in R & D as the level of R & D expenditures rises. The paper presents the results of our …

This study provides preliminary empirical evidence that shareholder activists target companies
because of their size as well as specific stakeholder-related practices. The data show that …

Executive Overview Institutional owners are taking a more active role in strategic decision-making
in American corporations. In this article, the research that has been done in this area is …

This article presents a study of corporate-stakeholder relationships using an empirical
technique called Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess company "best practices" with …

… For example, see the articles by Waddock and Graves, cited above. 21. Comprehensive …
See the two studies by Waddock and Graves, cited above, for additional empirical research …